ASM packages installed a service called oracleasm which can be called by running these commands
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm
# service oracleasm
/etc/init.d/oracleasm script takes the following options:
• configure: Configure ASM.
• start: Start the ASM service.
• stop: Stop the ASM service.
• status: Print the status of ASM service.
• createdisk: Create an ASM disk.
• scandisks: Search for ASM disks.
• listdisks: List ASM disks.
• querydisk: Query the current status of an ASM disk.
• deletedisk: Delete an ASM disk.
• restart: Restart the ASM service.
• link: Load the oracleasm module.
• enable: Enable the ASM service.
• disable: Disable the ASM service.
Starting ASM service
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm start
To stop ASM service
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm stop
To check status of ASM service
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm status
CREATEDISK
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL1 /dev/sdb1
Marking disk "/dev/sdb1" as an ASM disk [ OK ]
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL2 /dev/sdc1
Marking disk "/dev/sdc1" as an ASM disk [ OK ]
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL3 /dev/sdd1
Marking disk "/dev/sdd1" as an ASM disk [ OK ]
SCANDISK
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks
LISTDISK to verify the disks are available
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
To query the status of existing disk
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm querydisk VOL1
DELETEDISK
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm deletedisk VOL1
Deleting an ASM Instance Manually
delete the ASM instance from the OCR:
$ srvctl remove asm -n DB1 -i +ASM1
$ srvctl remove asm -n DB2 -i +ASM2
On each node, delete the ASM instance from /etc/oratab. Then, on each node, delete the
parameter file, as in the following example:
[oracle@london1 oracle] $ rm $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init+ASM.ora
Finally, on each node, delete the password file:
[oracle@london1 oracle] $ rm $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw+ASM1
Col name form a30
Col failgroup form a30
Select name,failgroup from v$asm_disk
Where group_number=(
Select group_number from v$asm_diskgroup
Where name=’G3_RECOVERY_AREA’)
/
Checking the operation of rebalancing
Select * from gv$asm_operation;
################################################################
# Adding/Removing/Managing configuration about existing ASM instances################################################################
--Use the following syntax to add configuration information about an existing ASM instance:
srvctl add asm -n node_name -i +asm_instance_name -o oracle_home
--Use the following syntax to remove an ASM instance:
srvctl remove asm -n node_name [-i +asm_instance_name]
--Use the following syntax to enable an ASM instance:
srvctl enable asm -n node_name [-i ] +asm_instance_name
--Use the following syntax to disable an ASM instance:
srvctl disable asm -n node_name [-i +asm_instance_name]
--Use the following syntax to start an ASM instance:
srvctl start asm -n node_name [-i +asm_instance_name] [-o start_options]
--Use the following syntax to stop an ASM instance:
srvctl stop asm -n node_name [-i +asm_instance_name] [-o stop_options]
--Use the following syntax to show the configuration of an ASM instance:
srvctl config asm -n node_name
--Use the following syntax to obtain the status of an ASM instance:
srvctl status asm -n node_name
--P.S.:
--For all of the SRVCTL commands in this section for which the
--option is not required, if you do not specify an instance name, then -i
--the command applies to all of the ASM instances on the node.
###################################
# Managing DiskGroup inside ASM:
###################################
--Note that adding or dropping disks will initiate a rebalance of the data on the disks.
--The status of these processes can be shown by selecting from v$asm_operation.
--Quering ASM Disk Groups
col name format a25
col DATABASE_COMPATIBILITY format a10
col COMPATIBILITY format a10
select * from v$asm_diskgroup;
--or
select name, state, type, total_mb, free_mb from v$asm_diskgroup;
--Quering ASM Disks
col PATH format a55
col name format a25
select name, path, group_number, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, READS, WRITES, READ_TIME,
WRITE_TIME from v$asm_disk order by 3,1;
--or
col PATH format a50
col HEADER_STATUS format a12
col name format a25
--select INCARNATION,
select name, path, MOUNT_STATUS,HEADER_STATUS, MODE_STATUS, STATE, group_number,
OS_MB, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB, READS, WRITES, READ_TIME, WRITE_TIME, BYTES_READ,
BYTES_WRITTEN, REPAIR_TIMER, MOUNT_DATE, CREATE_DATE from v$asm_disk;
###################################
#TUNING and Analisys###################################
--Only Performance Statistics
--N.B Time in Hundredseconds!
col READ_TIME format 9999999999.99
col WRITE_TIME format 9999999999.99
col BYTES_READ format 99999999999999.99
col BYTES_WRITTEN format 99999999999999.99
select name, STATE, group_number, TOTAL_MB, FREE_MB,READS, WRITES, READ_TIME,
WRITE_TIME, BYTES_READ, BYTES_WRITTEN, REPAIR_TIMER,MOUNT_DATE
from v$asm_disk order by group_number, name;
--Check the Num of Extents in use per Disk inside one Disk Group.
select max(substr(name,1,30)) group_name, count(PXN_KFFXP) extents_per_disk,
DISK_KFFXP, GROUP_KFFXP from x$kffxp, v$ASM_DISKGROUP gr
where GROUP_KFFXP=&group_nr and GROUP_KFFXP=GROUP_NUMBER
group by GROUP_KFFXP, DISK_KFFXP order by GROUP_KFFXP, DISK_KFFXP;
--Find The File distribution Between Disks
SELECT * FROM v$asm_alias WHERE name='PWX_DATA.272.669293645';
SELECT GROUP_KFFXP Group#,DISK_KFFXP Disk#,AU_KFFXP AU#,XNUM_KFFXP Extent#
FROM X$KFFXP WHERE number_kffxp=(SELECT file_number FROM v$asm_alias
WHERE name='PWX_DATA.272.669293645');
--or
SELECT GROUP_KFFXP Group#,DISK_KFFXP Disk#,AU_KFFXP AU#,XNUM_KFFXP Extent#
FROM X$KFFXP WHERE number_kffxp=&DataFile_Number;
--or
select d.name, XV.GROUP_KFFXP Group#, XV.DISK_KFFXP Disk#,
XV.NUMBER_KFFXP File_Number, XV.AU_KFFXP AU#, XV.XNUM_KFFXP Extent#,
XV.ADDR, XV.INDX, XV.INST_ID, XV.COMPOUND_KFFXP, XV.INCARN_KFFXP,
XV.PXN_KFFXP, XV.XNUM_KFFXP,XV.LXN_KFFXP, XV.FLAGS_KFFXP,
XV.CHK_KFFXP, XV.SIZE_KFFXP from v$asm_disk d, X$KFFXP XV
where d.GROUP_NUMBER=XV.GROUP_KFFXP and d.DISK_NUMBER=XV.DISK_KFFXP
and number_kffxp=&File_NUM order by 2,3,4;
--List the hierarchical tree of files stored in the diskgroup
SELECT concat('+'||gname, sys_connect_by_path(aname, '/')) full_alias_path FROM
(SELECT g.name gname, a.parent_index pindex, a.name aname,
a.reference_index rindex FROM v$asm_alias a, v$asm_diskgroup g
WHERE a.group_number = g.group_number)
START WITH (mod(pindex, power(2, 24))) = 0
CONNECT BY PRIOR rindex = pindex;
################################################################
###################################
#Create and Modify Disk Group###################################
create diskgroup FRA1 external redundancy disk '/dev/vx/rdsk/oraASMdg/fra1'
ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '11.1', 'compatible.asm' = '11.1';
alter diskgroup FRA1 check all;
--on +ASM2 :
alter diskgroup FRA1 mount;
--Add a second disk:
alter diskgroup FRA1 add disk '/dev/vx/rdsk/oraASMdg/fra2';
--Add several disks with a wildcard:
alter diskgroup FRA1 add disk '/dev/vx/rdsk/oraASMdg/fra*';
--Remove a disk from a diskgroup:
alter diskgroup FRA1 drop disk 'FRA1_0002';
--Drop the entire DiskGroup
drop diskgroup DATA1 including contents;
--How to DROP the entire DiskGroup when it is in NOMOUNT Status
--Generate the dd command which will reset the header of all the
--disks belong the GROUP_NUMBER=0!!!!
select 'dd if=/dev/zero of=''' ||PATH||''' bs=8192 count=100' from v$asm_disk
where GROUP_NUMBER=0;
select * from v$asm_operation;
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
alter diskgroup FRA1 drop disk 'FRA1_0002';
alter diskgroup FRA1 add disk '/dev/vx/rdsk/fra1dg/fra3';
alter diskgroup FRA1 drop disk 'FRA1_0003';
alter diskgroup FRA1 add disk '/dev/vx/rdsk/fra1dg/fra4';
--When a new diskgroup is created, it is only mounted on the local instance,
--and only the instance-specific entry for the asm_diskgroups parameter is updated.
--By manually mounting the diskgroup on other instances, the asm_diskgroups parameter
--on those instances are updated.
--on +ASM1 :
create diskgroup FRA1 external redundancy disk '/dev/vx/rdsk/fradg/fra1'
ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '11.1', 'compatible.asm' = '11.1';
--on +ASM2 :
alter diskgroup FRA1 mount;
--It works even for on going balances!!!
alter diskgroup DATA1 rebalance power 10;
################################################################
# New ASM Command Line Utility (ASMCMD) Commands and Options################################################################
ASMCMD Command Reference:
Command Description
--------------------
- cd Command Changes the current directory to the specified directory.
- cp Command Enables you to copy files between ASM disk groups on a local instance and remote instances.
- du Command Displays the total disk space occupied by ASM files in the specified
- ASM directory and all of its subdirectories, recursively.
- exit Command Exits ASMCMD.
- find Command Lists the paths of all occurrences of the specified name (with wildcards) under the specified directory.
- help Command Displays the syntax and description of ASMCMD commands.
- ls Command Lists the contents of an ASM directory, the attributes of the specified
- file, or the names and attributes of all disk groups.
- lsct Command Lists information about current ASM clients.
- lsdg Command Lists all disk groups and their attributes.
- lsdsk Command Lists disks visible to ASM.
- md_backup Command Creates a backup of all of the mounted disk groups.
- md_restore Command Restores disk groups from a backup.
- mkalias Command Creates an alias for system-generated filenames.
- mkdir Command Creates ASM directories.
- pwd Command Displays the path of the current ASM directory.
- remap Command Repairs a range of physical blocks on a disk.
- rm Command Deletes the specified ASM files or directories.
- rmalias Command Deletes the specified alias, retaining the file that the alias points to.
--------
-- kfed tool From Unix Prompt for reading ASM disk header.
kfed read /dev/vx/rdsk/fra1dg/fra1
################################################################
# CREATE and Manage Tablespaces and Datafiles on ASM################################################################
CREATE TABLESPACE my_ts DATAFILE '+disk_group_1' SIZE 100M AUTOEXTEND ON;
ALTER TABLESPACE sysaux ADD DATAFILE '+disk_group_1' SIZE 100M;
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '+DATA1/dbname/datafile/audit.259.668957419' RESIZE 150M;
-------------------------
create diskgroup DATA1 external redundancy disk '/dev/vx/rdsk/oraASMdg/fra1'
ATTRIBUTE 'compatible.rdbms' = '11.1', 'compatible.asm' = '11.1';
select 'alter diskgroup DATA1 add disk ''' || PATH || ''';' from v$asm_disk
where GROUP_NUMBER=0 and rownum<=&Num_Disks_to_add;
select 'alter diskgroup FRA1 add disk ''' || PATH || ''';' from v$asm_disk
where GROUP_NUMBER=0 and rownum<=&Num_Disks_to_add;
--Remove ASM header
select 'dd if=/dev/zero of=''' ||PATH||''' bs=8192 count=100' from v$asm_disk
where GROUP_NUMBER=0;
SET LINESIZE 200
SET PAGESIZE 9999
SET TRIMSPOOL on
SET VERIFY off
COLUMN disk_group_name FORMAT a10 HEAD 'Disk Group Name'
COLUMN disk_file_path FORMAT a30 HEAD 'Path'
COLUMN disk_file_name FORMAT a10 HEAD 'File Name'
COLUMN disk_file_fail_group FORMAT a10 HEAD 'Fail Group'
COLUMN total_mb FORMAT 999,999,999 HEAD 'File Size (MB)'
COLUMN used_mb FORMAT 999,999,999 HEAD 'Used Size (MB)'
COLUMN pct_used FORMAT 999.99 HEAD 'Pct. Used'
break on report on disk_group_name skip 1
compute sum label "" of total_mb used_mb on disk_group_name
compute sum label "Total: " of total_mb used_mb on report
SELECT
a.group_number,
a.name,
a.state
FROM
v$asm_diskgroup a
ORDER BY
a.group_number
;
SELECT
b.group_number disk_group_number,
b.path disk_file_path,
b.name disk_file_name,
b.failgroup disk_file_fail_group,
b.total_mb total_mb,
(b.total_mb - b.free_mb) used_mb,
decode(b.total_mb,0,0,(ROUND((1- (b.free_mb / b.total_mb))*100, 2))) pct_used
FROM
v$asm_disk b
WHERE b.header_status = 'MEMBER'
ORDER BY
b.group_number
;
